R A W M A T E R I A L S P R O D U C T I O N
Raw material production and extraction is a leading source of GHG
emissions, especially for products that use agricultural-based materials,
fossil fuel-based materials, or mined materials. For many retail products, raw
material production is a major emissions hotspot. Activities in this phase
occur before a product is manufactured and include agriculture and mining
or extraction of non-agricultural resources.
P R O D U C T M A N U F A C T U R I N G
Product manufacturing is a main emissions source for some
electronics, household goods, and apparel in terms of energy and fuel
use, but in many cases, is not the biggest GHG emissions contributor.
L A S T M I L E T R A N S P O R T A T I O N
"Last mile" transportation (from retailer to home) can be highly variable
depending on consumer choices but typically is not the leading source of
GHG emissions. Energy and fuel use from total distance traveled (miles
per trip, total trips) and the type of transport used to transport products
from retail facilities to consumers' homes contribute to emissions.
V A L U E C H A I N E M I S S I O N S
2.
These emissions – which fall under the Greenhouse Gas Protocol's scope 3 – result from
upstream and downstream business activities such as procurement, transportation and
distribution, and end-of-life processing.
P R O D U C T U S E A N D D I S P O S A L
The product use and disposal phase is another leading source of GHG
emissions, especially for electronics, household appliances, and items
that need or use hot water (e.g., shower products, cooking foods, or
washing clothes). Consumer waste also drives GHG emissions,
depending on the quantity and the method used to dispose of products
when they are no longer needed (e.g., donating, reselling, recycling,
composting, or landfilling).
Sustainability & Energy Management Simplified
